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Dissolved Gases and Ocean Temperatures: Estimating the average temperature of the ocean using gases trapped in the ice.

Students study the effect of changing temperatures on gas solubility. Students then apply this knowledge to estimate the temperature of the ocean millions of years ago using nobel gas concentrations […]

Dating Ice Cores: A deep dive into several techniques used to date ice cores

Students collaborate to estimate the age of several ice cores using authentic data and four different dating techniques.

Thermohaline Circulations Demo

Data from ice cores suggest that sometimes the Earth has undergone rapid changes in climate in as little as a decade. One possible way that this type of rapid change […]

Frozen Balloons: Exploring Ice and The Process of Exploration

There’s plenty to learn from a frozen water balloon, starting with the patterns of bubbles—or lack thereof—in the ice.
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